Interaction of phenibut with drugs - consequences of taking

Panic attacks are attacks of fear that are extremely painful for a person. Against the background of these attacks, various vegetative symptoms arise, worsening the patient’s quality of life. "Phenibut" for panic attacks is a medicine that can eliminate disturbances in the functioning of the autonomic nervous system, asthenic syndrome, irritability and anxiety. This remedy does not have a depressing effect on the nervous system, which means the patient does not experience drowsiness and apathy.

Release form and composition

The drug is based on aminophenylbutyric acid (acidum aminophenylbutyricum in Latin). The following substances are used as auxiliary components:

• microcrystalline cellulose;
• calcium stearate;
• sodium starch glycolate;
• colloidal silicon dioxide.

Available in the form of flat-cylindrical tablets of white or cream color. Surface with chamfer and notch. One unit contains 250 mg of the main substance (phenibut). Packaged in cardboard packages of 1 or 2 blisters, respectively, 10 or 20 pieces. Blisters are equipped with contour cells. If necessary, you can purchase Phenibut in powder form. To do this, you need to leave an order at the pharmacy.

Which manufacturer is better?

A number of countries are involved in the production of Phenibut, so the question often arises of which company’s drug should be purchased and what is more effective when comparing these substances. Most often you can buy in pharmacies:

• Latvian drug;
• Belarusian drug "Belmedpreparaty";
• a number of Russian products from, “Organika”, “OHFK”;
• USA product of SNS.

You can find Phenibut from Tyumen and other manufacturers, it remains to understand which manufacturer to prefer and which country’s drug is the best. To do this, it is necessary to determine what the difference between the drugs is.

pharmachologic effect

The drug is a derivative of phenylethylamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) of the phenyl type, due to which it reduces the level of tension, fear, anxiety, has an anxiolytic effect, and relieves insomnia. When taken simultaneously with sleeping pills, neuroleptics and narcotic drugs, the effect of the latter is enhanced.

What is Phenibut?

Phenibut is a nootropic psychostimulant that inhibits neurotransmitters of the central nervous system. The active substance has a crystalline structure and a sour taste. To make tablets, a white powdery mass is used, soluble in alcohol and water. pH values ​​in an aqueous solution correspond to the norm of 2.3-2.7.

Pharmacodynamics

The nootropic affects the integrative higher functionality of the brain, stimulating mental activity, memory and other abilities. Increases brain stability under increased loads, stressful situations and hypoxia (oxygen starvation). Has the following effect on the body:

1. Strengthens cortico-subcortical connections (elements connecting the cortex with the subcortical sections).
2. Normalizes tissue metabolism, accelerates blood supply, which improves brain functionality.
3. Reduces blood vessel resistance.
4. Has antiplatelet properties.
5. Has an anticonvulsant effect.
6. Increases the latent period. This reduces nystagmus.
7. Reduces asthenia, relieves vasovegetative symptoms.
8. Reduces the excitability of subcortical elements, thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic complex.
9. Accelerates the transmission of nerve impulses.
10. Delays induced and spontaneous platelet aggregation, thereby preventing the development of thrombosis.
11. Increases the number of mitochondria in the affected area during traumatic brain injury, where perifocal changes occur.
12. Utilizes excess glucose.
13. Launches energy processes.
14. Improves tissue respiration.

Achieved effect:

• the accuracy of the sensory-motor reaction is stabilized;
• memory is restored;
• concentration improves;
• mental capacity increases;
• performance increases during the daytime;
• insomnia disappears at night;
• anxiety and restlessness are reduced;
• pain in the head and feeling of heaviness are relieved;
• irritability disappears (sedative effect);
• emotional lability increases;
• clarity of consciousness appears.

The drug does not have a negative effect on adrenergic and cholinergic receptors, does not depress the central nervous system, does not relax muscles, and therefore can be used even in old age. Positive dynamics are observed after long-term use, as the effect develops gradually.

Pharmacokinetics

After penetration into the body, the active substance is quickly absorbed, evenly distributed throughout the tissues (0.1% is concentrated in the brain), and the younger the patient, the higher these indicators. Easily overcomes the BBB (blood-brain barrier between the central nervous and circulatory systems). Metabolization in the liver ranges from 80 to 95 percent, metabolites are not activated.

Cumulation does not occur, the active substance is excreted by 5% through the kidneys in an unchanged state, some of it is excreted through bile. The onset of elimination is noted after 3 hours, but the substance acts in the brain for 6 hours.

How it works

The drug, the main active ingredient of which is phenibut, has a pronounced nootropic and antihypoxic effect. It is capable of several times enhancing the effect of other drugs used in the treatment of various disorders, including vegetative symptoms. Combining it with antidepressants makes the treatment of VSD and panic attacks successful in almost 100% of cases.

"Phenibut" has the following properties:

1. On the one hand, this drug is a psychostimulant and tranquilizer, but it also has an antiplatelet effect and is a powerful antioxidant.
2. Improves the functional state of the human central nervous system several times. This becomes possible by improving blood supply to all parts of the brain, as well as normalizing metabolic processes in it.
3. Promotes the almost complete disappearance of anxiety, tension, feelings of fear and worry. The drug is able to normalize sleep, and it also has a slight anticonvulsant effect.
4. Under the influence of Phenibut, the latent period lengthens, and nystagmus becomes less pronounced and short-lived.
5. Reduces the severity of vegetative symptoms. Can relieve emotional lability, the feeling of a “heavy head,” headaches, irritability and other manifestations of VSD.
6. After a full therapeutic course, an increase in a person’s ability to perform mental and physical work is observed, mental functions such as the accuracy and speed of motor and sensory reactions, memory, and attention improve.
7. If there is a malfunction of motor and speech functions, a significant improvement in the condition is observed.
8. The condition of asthenia also improves, this is noticeable after just a few days of taking it. There is an increase in interest, initiative arises, but there is no sedative effect or excitement.
9. Helps eliminate the consequences of traumatic brain injuries by restoring basic processes in the central nervous system.

The medication is often used in the treatment of older people. At this age, it is very important to avoid feeling relaxed and lethargic after taking medications.

Indications for use of Phenibut

Phenibut is prescribed in such cases as:

• decreased brain activity;
• fear, anxiety, causeless worry;
• the presence of nightmares;
• poor concentration and memory;
• lack of emotional activity;
• asthenic syndrome;
• insomnia (dyssomnia);
• somatovegetative disorder;
• psychopathic disorders;
• Meniere's syndrome;
• alcohol dependence and withdrawal;
• obsessive-compulsive neurosis;
• osteochondrosis of the cervical and thoracic spine;
• kinetosis (a movement disorder in which the patient feels motion sick);
• dizziness due to vestibular dysfunction (due to infection of the body, injuries, pathologies of the circulatory system);
• climacteric disorder;
• urinary incontinence in a child;
• childhood stuttering;
• pathological hyperactivity of the baby;
• nervous tic.

The drug is prescribed after alcohol intoxication and withdrawal from alcohol-containing drinks, especially with delirious syndrome (disorientation, clouding of consciousness, illusory hallucinations). Along with Phenibut, the patient takes detoxification medications. Quite often, the drug is used before surgery to prevent stress.

Phenibut addiction treatment

Medical care for a person suffering from severe withdrawal syndrome after stopping Phenibut is provided in a hospital. Treatment includes:

• complete refusal of the provoking medication;
• gastric lavage;
• taking absorbents;
• administration of laxatives;
• infusion therapy.

With the help of a dropper, doctors remove the breakdown products of the drug from the patient's body . Due to this, negative symptoms gradually disappear.

When treating so-called phenibut addicts, special attention is paid to psychotherapy sessions . They take place in individual and group form. They are needed to increase motivation for recovery and convince the person that he needs to completely stop taking Phenibut.

Therapy for addiction to nootropics lasts relatively short - one to two months. Subsequently, the patient is advised never to resort to the help of a nootropic again.

Phenibut dosage

The drug Phenibut is taken orally (inside) in courses, depending on the indications, individual characteristics of the body, concomitant diseases and compatibility with other dosage forms. On average it is 30-45 days. The daily dosage, divided into 3 doses, for an adult varies from 0.75 grams to 1.5. In some cases, the doctor allows you to increase the norm to 2.5 g. In old age (after 60 years), the maximum dose is 0.5 grams of the active substance per dose.

Instructions for use depending on the type of pathological abnormalities:

• For dizziness and Meniere's syndrome, a special scheme is used. In case of exacerbation of symptoms, three doses of 0.75 grams are prescribed (duration 5-7 days). After the level of symptoms has decreased, the dose is reduced to at least 0.25 g (duration is 7 days). In the final five days, the drug is taken 0.25 grams once a day.
• For mild diseases, Phenibut is prescribed in a daily dosage of 0.5 grams, divided into 2 doses. The duration of therapy is a minimum of 5 days, a maximum of a week. Next, the patient takes 0.25 grams of tablets once a day for 7-20 days.
• For pathologies of the circulatory system and after traumatic brain injuries, the drug is prescribed 1 tablet three times a day for 2 weeks.
• For osteochondrosis of the thoracic or cervical spine, as well as menopausal syndrome, you need to take 1 tablet (0.25 grams) 3 times a day for 2 weeks. After this, the dosage is reduced to twice taking 1 tablet. The general course of treatment is a month, but with pronounced symptoms, the duration of treatment increases.
• In case of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, an increased dose of the drug is required. The patient takes 1-2 tablets three times a day, and another 3 units before bedtime. After several days of treatment, the dosage is gradually reduced. As a result, it should be equal to 3 tablets per day.
• For preventive measures (before surgery, sailing, etc.), it is recommended to take 1-2 tablets 60 minutes before the expected event.
• If the patient shows signs of seasickness, Phenibut is combined with other medications.
• The drug is taken after meals. If a dose was missed, the course and dosage are not changed, but continue to take the tablets in accordance with the prescribed dose.

Nootropics

Nootropics (from the Greek noos - thinking, mind, tropos - direction, desire, affinity) are neurometabolic drugs that have a direct activating effect on the integrative mechanisms of the brain, optimize cognition (processes of memory, thinking, intelligence) and increase the level of wakefulness (vigilance). ), increase the brain’s resistance to harmful influences, and also improve cortico-subcortical connections.

Due to the ability of nootropics to improve mentality in healthy and sick people, they are called cognitive enhancers. Nootropics stimulate the transmission of excitation in central neurons, accelerating interneuron contacts and the exchange of neurotransmitters; activate the synthesis of protein and RNA in neurons, stabilize the membranes of nerve cells, improve energy processes, microcirculation and blood supply to the brain (without vasodilation), increase the latter’s resistance to hypoxia, have pronounced antihypoxic, neurotrophic and cerebroprotective activity, etc.

At the same time, nootropics do not affect the course of neurovegetative processes, do not have significant psychostimulating, hypnotic, sedative and analgesic effects, do not cause specific changes in the EEG, do not have significant toxicity, and do not impair blood circulation. In general, the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of nootropics has not been studied enough.

1. Piracetam. Synonyms: Lucetam, Memotropil, Nootobril, Nootropil, Noocetam, Pyrabene, Piramem, Apagon, Centilan, Euvifor, Gabazet, Norotrop, Stimubral and many others. etc. Indicated for the treatment of various psychiatric, neurological and somatic diseases.

In psychiatric practice, these are asthenic disorders of various origins, mental retardation, learning difficulties, post-stress disorders, depressive states with asthenia, apathy, adynamia, lethargy and senesto-hypochondriacal symptoms, deficiency disorders in schizophrenia with a deficit of activity, attention and communication, organic processes of various etiologies , including atrophic, traumatic, vascular and intoxication. Piracetam improves the tolerability and effectiveness of antidepressants and antipsychotics, and the severity of side effects during treatment with them. Prescribed for the treatment of abstinence, relief of exogenous-organic psychoses.

In neurology and somatic practice, it is used in the treatment of a number of organic diseases of the brain (vascular processes, comatose and subcomatose states, intoxication, trauma, inflammatory processes and their consequences, birth trauma, asphyxia, the period of convalescence after meningitis, encephalitis, etc.), heart attack myocardium, cortical myoclonus, sickle cell anemia, viral neuroinfection, etc. It is prescribed orally, intramuscularly, intravenously or by infusion. In the treatment of chronic conditions, it is usually prescribed orally, regardless of food intake, 3-4 times a day in doses of up to 2.4 g, sometimes up to 3.2 g. Treatment begins with 1.2 g / day, the dose is then increased gradually, by 0 .4 g per day. The therapeutic effect occurs after 2–3 weeks of treatment; subsequently, the dose is gradually reduced to a maintenance dose of 1.2–1.6 mg/day. For stroke, up to 12 g per day is prescribed for 2 weeks. For children, the drug is prescribed in smaller doses: under 5 years of age - 200 mg 3 times a day, from 5 to 16 years - 400 mg 3 times a day.

The course of treatment with piracetam lasts from 2–3 weeks to 2–6 months.

In acute painful conditions (coma, poisoning with morphine and barbiturates, withdrawal symptoms, pre-delirious states, acute complications during psychopharmacotherapy), piracetam is prescribed intramuscularly or intravenously. Therapy begins with the introduction of 2–4 g/day and quickly increases the dose to 4–7 g/day or more. After the condition improves, they switch to taking the drug orally.

Side effects: possible agitation, irritability, anxiety, arousal (including sexual), weakness, sleep disturbance, dyspeptic disorders, abdominal pain, tremor, dizziness, allergic reactions; Elderly patients may experience an increased frequency of attacks of coronary insufficiency. Side effects occur especially often in patients with psychiatric pathology. In such cases, the dose of the drug should be reduced or stopped taking it for a while.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity, acute renal failure, hemorrhagic stroke, pregnancy, breastfeeding, diabetes, age under 1 year.

Release form: capsules of 400 mg in a package of 60 pieces; tablets of 200 mg in packs of 60 and 120 pieces; 20% solution in ampoules of 5 ml (1 g of substance per ampoule) in a package of 10 pieces; piracetam granules for children in a package of 56 g (2 g piracetam, 50 g sugar and fillers) in glass jars. Combination drugs are available: Fezam - contains piracetam with cinnarizine; Procetam (Orozetam) - piracetam with orotic acid; Diapiram - piracetam with diazepam, etc.

2. Aminalonum, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Synonyms: Gammalon, Ganevrin, Apogamma, GABA, Gaballon, Mielogen, etc. It is known that GABA is the main mediator involved in the processes of central inhibition through interaction with GABAergic receptors of type A and type B. A close connection of the latter with benzodiazepine receptors has been established: benzodiazepines potentiate the effect of GABA, which, in turn, is the effect of benzodiazepines, many hypnotics and anticonvulsants. Under the influence of GABA, the energy processes of the brain are activated, the respiratory activity of tissues increases, and the brain's utilization of glucose and hemodynamics improve. The nature of the action of GABA is close to nootropics. It is used mainly in geriatric practice and in the treatment of children with mental retardation, as well as for vascular disorders of the brain. There is information about the effectiveness of the use of aminalon in the treatment of depression with asthenohypochondriacal symptoms, alcoholic encephalopathy, alcoholic polyneuritis and dementia.

It is prescribed orally before meals 3-4 times a day. Adults are prescribed up to 3.75 g/day, the average dose is 1.5–3 g/day. Children, depending on age, are prescribed from 0.5 to 3 g/day. The course of treatment is up to 2–6 months. For motion sickness, adults are prescribed 0.5 g, children - 0.25 g 3 times a day for 3-4 days.

Side effects are rare; in some cases, in the first days of treatment, dyspeptic symptoms, sleep disturbances, a feeling of heat, and blood pressure fluctuations are observed. When the dose is reduced, these effects usually disappear quickly.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity. Release form: tablets of 0.25 g in a package of 100 pieces.

3. Sodium oxybutyrate (Natrii oxybutiratas) . Synonyms: Sodium oxybate, Sodium salt of hydroxybutyric acid, Natrium oxybutiricum, Oxybate sodium. A nootropic with pronounced antihypoxic, sedative, general anesthetic and central muscle relaxant activity, in large doses induces sleep and a state of anesthesia. Enhances the effect of analgesics, narcotic drugs, and has an anti-shock effect. In psychiatric practice, it is used to treat neurotic and neurosis-like conditions, intoxication and brain injuries, and night sleep disorders (including narcolepsy). In somatic medicine it is used as a means of anesthesia, in the treatment of hypoxic cerebral edema, hypoxic condition of the retina, and glaucoma.

Prescribed orally, intramuscularly and intravenously. Orally for the treatment of neurotic conditions, take 0.75 g (1 tablespoon of 5% solution 2-3 times a day), insomnia - 1.5-2.25 g at night once (2-3 tablespoons of 5% solution) .

Release form: 66.7% solution in 37.5 ml bottles (before use, prepare a 5% aqueous solution by diluting the contents of the bottle in 0.5 liters of freshly boiled chilled water); 20% solution in ampoules of 10 ml in a package of 10 ampoules.

Side effects: with rapid intravenous administration, there may be motor agitation, convulsive twitching of the limbs and tongue, and in case of overdose, respiratory arrest. Upon recovery from anesthesia, motor and speech agitation sometimes occur. The antidote is bemegride. With prolonged use of the drug, hypokalemia is possible.

Contraindications for use: hypokalemia, myasthenia gravis, hypersensitivity, late toxicosis of pregnancy with arterial hypertension.

4. Phenibut - see "Antidepressants."

5. Pantogamum. Synonyms: Calcium homopantothenat, Hopaten, Hopa, etc. Nootropic with anticonvulsant, moderate and short-term hypotensive effects. Prolongs the effect of barbiturates, reduces reactions to painful stimuli. It is used to treat residual organic brain failure, decreased activity and disability, mental retardation in children, and is also effective for hyperkinesis, Jacksonian epilepsy, parkinsonism, neuroleptic syndrome, clonic stuttering in children, delayed speech development, epilepsy with petit mal and polymorphic seizures (in combination with specific antiepileptic drugs).

It is prescribed orally 15–30 minutes after meals. The daily dose for adults is 1.5-3 g, for children - 0.75-3 g in three divided doses. The course of treatment is from 1 to 4 (sometimes up to 6) months. Courses of treatment are repeated if necessary.

Release forms: tablets of 0.25 g and 0.5 g in a package of 50 pieces.

6. Picamilon (Picamilonum). Nootropic with tranquilizing and vegetotropic effects. It is prescribed orally regardless of food intake. For cerebrovascular diseases and vegetative dystonia, adults are prescribed from 0.02 to 0.05 g 2-3 times a day, the course of treatment is 1-2 months, with the course repeated after 5-6 months. In the complex of antidepressant therapy in old age, 0.04–0.2 g (in 2–3 doses) is recommended for 1.5–3 months. During the period of alcohol withdrawal, 0.1–0.15 g/day is prescribed, the course of treatment is 6–7 days, the duration of treatment can be increased to 4–5 weeks in doses of 0.04–0.06 g/day. To restore working capacity, 0.06–0.08 g/day is prescribed for 1–1.5 months.

Side effects: increased irritability, agitation, anxiety, headache, dizziness, mild nausea, itching, allergic rash.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity, acute and chronic kidney diseases.

Release form: tablets of 0.01 g, 0.02 g and 0.05 g in a package of 30 pieces.

7. Pyriditol (Piriditolum). Synonyms: Pyritinol, Cerebol, Enerbol, Encephabol, Biocephalin, Cogitan, Enbol, Enerbol, Pyritinol, etc. A nootropic with pronounced antidepressant activity. Enhances the effects of phenamine, the anticonvulsant effect of phenobarbital, and prolongs the effect of barbiturates. Indicated for the treatment of minor depression of various origins and neurosis-like conditions with symptoms of asthenia, apathy, adynamia, as well as residual organic conditions with a predominance of anergy phenomena, in children - mental retardation, cerebrasthenic syndrome, encephalopathy, mental retardation.

It is prescribed orally 15–30 minutes after meals 2–3 times a day (it is not recommended to take the drug in the evening). The daily dose for adults is from 0.2 to 0.6 g, for children - 0.05-0.3 g. The course of treatment is from 1 to 3 months, repeated courses - after 1-6 months.

Side effects: headache, nausea, insomnia, irritability, in children - psychomotor agitation, sleep disturbance.

Contraindications for use: psychomotor agitation, epilepsy, increased convulsive readiness, hypersensitivity.

Release forms: tablets of 0.05 g, 0.1 g and 0.2 g in a package of 60 pieces. Encephabol is available in tablets of 0.1 g and in the form of syrup of 0.1 g in 5 ml.

8. Acephenum. Synonyms: Analux, Meclofenoxate, Centrophenoxine, Cerutin, Claretil, Lucidril, Meclofenoxate hydrochloride, Ropoxil, etc. Metabolic products of acephen are free radical inhibitors, have the properties of nootropics and mild stimulants and are marketed under the name Deanol (Dinetal, Etanamin, etc.). Nootropic with a moderate stimulating effect. Indicated for the treatment of asthenia, memory loss in old and senile age, obsessions and other neurotic disorders.

It is prescribed orally at 0.1–0.3 g 3–5 times a day, the course of treatment is 1–3 months. Side effects are rare. Sometimes there is an exacerbation of psychotics, fear and anxiety. Contraindications for use: infectious diseases of the central nervous system, hypersensitivity.

Release form: tablets of 0.1 g in a package of 50 pieces.

9. Memantine. Synonym: Akatinol Memantine, Akatinol Memantin. Neuroprotective, antispastic, antiparkinsonian agent. A non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, it inhibits glutamatergic neurotransmission and the progression of neurodegenerative processes, and has a neuromodulatory effect. Indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate dysfunctions of the central nervous system (weakening of memory, attention, interests, fatigue, psychoorganic decline in personality), muscle spasticity and motor disorders due to damage to nervous structures (brain injuries, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, etc.). The drug enhances the effect of barbiturates, neuroleptics, anticholinergics, levodopa, dopamine receptor agonists, amantadine, and may change the effect of dantrolene and baclofen.

It is prescribed orally during meals, without chewing and with liquid. Adults - starting from 3 mg/day, if necessary, with a weekly increase in dose by 5–10 mg/day to 30–60 mg/day, and then reducing it to maintenance (10–20 mg/day). Children - 0.5 mg/kg/day or 1 drop per 1 kg of weight.

Side effects: dizziness, internal or motor restlessness, fatigue, increased intracranial pressure. Prescribe with caution to persons whose work requires high concentration of attention.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity, confusion, severe dysfunction of the liver and kidneys. Restricted for use in epilepsy, thyrotoxicosis, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

10. Cerebrolyzin. Synonym: Cebrilisin. It is a mixture of metabolically active neuropeptides with pronounced neurotrophic activity. Indicated for the treatment of organic brain damage with cognitive deficits, mental retardation

chemical development in children, dementia syndromes of various origins (Pick's disease, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, etc.), as well as endogenous depression resistant to antidepressants. The drug enhances the effect of antidepressants.

Prescribed daily intravenously or intramuscularly. In acute conditions in adults (ischemic stroke, head injury, complications after brain surgery), it is administered intravenously over 60–90 minutes in an amount of 10–60 ml in 100–250 ml of saline. The course of treatment is 10–25 days. In the residual period - 5-10 ml IV for 20-30 days. For dementia syndromes - 10-20 ml IV for 3 weeks, for psychoorganic syndrome and depression - 5-10 ml IV for 20-25 days. In neuropediatric practice - 1–2 ml (up to 1 ml per 10 kg of weight) intramuscularly for 1 month, repeating the course 2–3 times a year.

Side effects: hyperthermia with rapid intravenous infusion.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity, acute renal failure, status epilepticus. Use with caution during pregnancy, especially in the first 3 months.

Release forms: solution of 215.2 mg in ampoules of 1 ml; 215.2 mg in ampoules of 5 ml and 10 ml; 215.2 mg in 30 ml bottles.

11. Pantogam. Nootropic with anticonvulsant and antidysuric effects. Helps normalize GABAergic transmission in chronic alcoholism, has analgesic properties, prolongs the effect of novocaine and sulfonamides, inhibits the increased bladder reflex and detrusor tone. Indicated for the treatment of disorders of higher cerebral functions of various origins in adults and children (vascular, traumatic encephalopathy, atrophic processes, etc.), treatment of epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, chronic neuroleptic syndrome, hyperkinesis, PTSD, urination disorders (pollakiuria, urgency , enuresis). The effects of the drug are enhanced by glycine and xidifon. Pantogam, in turn, prolongs the effect of barbiturates, potentiates the effects of anticonvulsants, nootropics, local anesthetics, and prevents the side effects of phenobarbital, finlepsin, and neuroleptics.

It is prescribed orally 15–30 minutes after meals in the morning and afternoon. Adults - 0.25–1 g per dose, 1.5–3 g/day; course of treatment - 1-6 months, repeated course - after 3-6 months. For schizophrenia (in combination with psychotropic drugs) - 0.5-3 g/day, course of treatment - 1-3 months. For epilepsy (in combination with anticonvulsants) - 0.75–1 g/day, course - up to 1 year or more. For extrapyramidal hyperkinesis (as part of complex therapy) - 0.5-3 g/day, course - 4 months or more. For the consequences of neuroinfection and head injury - 0.25 g 3-4 times a day. For asthenic conditions - 0.25 g 3 times a day. For dysuria - 0.5–1 g 2–3 times a day.

Children single dose - 0.25-0.5 g, daily dose up to 1 year - 0.5-1 g, from 1 to 3 years - 1.5-2 g, from 3 to 15 years - 2.5- 3 g. The daily dose is increased over 7–12 days, the maximum dose lasts 15–40 days, after which it is reduced until discontinued within 7–8 days. Breaks between courses of therapy are 2 months. For dysuria in children - 25–50 mg/kg, course 1–3 months.

Side effects: allergic reactions.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity, acute severe kidney disease, first trimester of pregnancy.

Release forms: tablets of 250 mg and 500 mg in cans of 50 pieces; 10% syrup, 50 ml and 100 ml.

12. Glycine. Nonessential amino acid. Nootropic with antiepileptic, antistress and sedative effects. Indicated for the treatment of asthenia, PTSD, neuroses and neurosis-like conditions, vegetative dystonia, acute ischemic stroke, consequences of exogenous-organic and intoxication diseases. Glycine reduces the toxicity of anticonvulsants, neuroleptics, antidepressants, and can enhance the effect of hypnotics, tranquilizers and antipsychotics.

Prescribed orally sublingually 0.1 g 2-3 times a day for 2-4 weeks. Children under 3 years old - 0.05 g 2-3 times a day, over 3 years old - 0.1 g 2-3 times a day. For sleep disorders - 0.05–0.1 g 20 minutes before bedtime. For ischemic stroke, during the first 3-6 hours - 1 g (buccal or sublingual with 1 teaspoon of water), then - 1 g / day for 1-5 days, over the next 30 days - 0.1-0 .2 g 3 times a day.

Side effects: allergic reactions are possible. Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity. Release form: tablets of 0.1 g in a package of 50 pieces.

13. Idebenone. Nootropic. Indicated for the treatment of asthenia, asthenodepressive, asthenovegetative conditions, PTSD, psychoorganic syndrome of vascular and other origins, as well as hereditary mitochondrial diseases (MELAS syndrome, Leber optic atrophy, Leigh's disease) and Friedreich's ataxia.

Prescribed orally after meals, 30 mg 2-3 times a day (last dose no later than 17:00). The course of treatment is 1.5–2 months, repeated 2–3 times a year.

Side effects: mental agitation, difficulty falling asleep, headache, dyspepsia, allergic reactions.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity. Use with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Use with caution for persons whose work requires high concentration of attention.

Release form: tablets of 30 mg in a package of 10 pieces.

14. Gliattilin. Synonym: Choline alfoscerate. Neuroprotector, centrally acting cholinomimetic. Indicated for the treatment of exogenous-organic, atrophic diseases (cerebrovascular insufficiency, acute and recovery periods of TBI, ischemic stroke, dementia, senile pseudomelancholia).

Prescribed orally, intramuscularly and intravenously. Take 400 mg orally 2-3 times a day. IM and IV (administer slowly!) - 1000 mg/day in the morning for 15–20 days, and then orally 800 mg in the morning and 400 mg in the afternoon for 6 months.

Side effects: nausea.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity. It is not recommended to prescribe during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Release form: capsules of 400 mg in a package of 14 pieces; solution of 1000 mg in ampoules of 4 ml in a package of 3 pieces.

15. Ethylthiobenzymidazol hydrochloride. Antihypoxic, psychostimulant, anxiolytic, antiasthenic agent. Indicated for the treatment of asthenic and asthenodepressive conditions of various origins.

Prescribed orally after meals and no later than 16 hours, 0.25–0.5 g 2–3 times a day (no more than 2 g/day) for 1–4 weeks or 3–5 days in a row with breaks of 2– 5 days (2–3 courses). Treatment can be repeated after 1 month. To improve performance, take 0.25 g 1–2 times a day in cycles of 5 days with 2-day breaks, a total of 4–6 courses. During treatment, you should adhere to a diet rich in carbohydrates.

Side effects: irritability, anxiety, headache, sleep disturbance, nausea, rarely - vomiting, discomfort in the epigastrium.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity, severe psychomotor agitation, hyperglycemia. Restricted for use during pregnancy.

Release form: tablets of 0.25 g.

16. Semax solution 0.1% (Solucio Semaxi 0.1%). Gentapeptide in preservative (nipagin). Nootropic, adaptogen. Indicated for the treatment of asthenic conditions of various origins, to increase adaptation in extreme conditions, to prevent mental fatigue during intense and monotonous work.

Prescribed intranasally, 2-3 drops in each nasal passage 2-3 times a day for 3-14 days (single dose - 200-2000 mcg, daily dose - 500-5000 mcg). It is also administered by electrophoresis (the optimal daily dose is 400–600 mcg/day).

There are no side effects observed. Contraindications for use: acute psychosis, severe anxiety, endocrine diseases, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Release form: 0.1% drops in 3 ml bottles.

17. Deanol aceglumate. Synonym: Nooclerin. Nootropic with cerebroprotective, antiasthenic, antidepressant and hepatoprotective effects. Indicated for the treatment of asthenic, asthenodepressive conditions of various origins, withdrawal symptoms, psychoorganic, neuroleptic syndromes, mnestic-intellectual decline, neurotic, psychosomatic and neurosis-like disorders.

Prescribed orally, 1 teaspoon (1 g of the drug) 2-3 times a day (no later than 18 hours), the course of treatment is 1.5-2 months.

Side effects: allergic reactions. Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity.

18. Biotredinum. Ingredients: L-threonine (100 mg) and pyridoxine hydrochloride (5 mg). Nootropic with anti-alcohol, anti-withdrawal effects. Indicated for the treatment of reduced mental performance and concentration, pathological craving for alcohol and alcohol withdrawal. The drug reduces the side effects of neuroleptics, antidepressants, tranquilizers, and barbiturates.

Prescribed orally sublingually: children - 2 mg/kg; adolescents and adults - 1 tablet 2-3 times a day for 3-10 days. Courses of treatment are repeated 3–4 times a year or more. For chronic alcoholism, 1-3 tablets are prescribed 2-3 times a day for 4-5 days. Courses are repeated 5–10 times a year or more. For alcohol withdrawal, 1-4 tablets 3-4 times a day are prescribed on the first day, then 1-2 tablets 2-3 times a day for 3-4 weeks (the best effect is achieved when combined with 0.1 g of glycine sublingually, glycine is taken 10–15 minutes before biotredin).

No side effects were identified. Contraindications for use: alcohol intoxication. Release form: tablets of 105 mg in packages of 30 and 50 pieces.

19. Tenoten. It has anxiolytic, antidepressant, nootropic, stress-protective, antiasthenic, antihypoxic, neuroprotective effects. Indicated for the treatment of asthenic, neurotic and neurosis-like disorders with manifestations of anxiety, depression, apathy, adynamia, affective lability of various origins, especially with moderately severe organic lesions of the central nervous system.

It is prescribed orally on an empty stomach (keep the tablet in your mouth until completely dissolved). Depending on the severity of the condition, give from 1 to 12 tablets per day, the last dose is no later than 2-3 hours before bedtime. The course of treatment is up to 3 months, if necessary – up to 6 months. Courses of treatment may be repeated.

Side effects: dry mouth, heartburn, flatulence, hyperhidrosis, allergic reactions.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity. Release form: tablets in a package of 20 pieces.

20. Tanakan. Synonyms: Bilobin, Ginkgo Biloba, Ginkgo Biloba (BP). A nootropic with antihypoxic, angio-, cerebroprotective and antiaggregation effects, improves cerebral circulation, reduces capillary permeability, and activates intracellular metabolism. It also has an antidepressant effect and slows down the progression of degenerative processes in atrophic diseases of the central nervous system. Indicated in the treatment of the consequences of stroke, TBI, memory impairment, senile dementia, neurosensory disorders, Raynaud's syndrome, pathology of peripheral circulation, diabetic angioia and retinopathy.

Prescribed orally during meals, 3 tablets or 3 doses of solution per day. Side effects: headache, dyspepsia, allergic reactions.

Contraindications for use: hypersensitivity.

Release forms: tablets of 40 mg in packages of 30 and 90 pieces; drinking solution 30 ml in a bottle.

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Contraindications

Based on the manufacturer's instructions, Phenibut has a small list of contraindications. Admission is strictly prohibited in the following cases:

• hypersensitivity of the body to the active or excipient substance, against which an allergic reaction occurs;
• pregnancy period;
• breast-feeding;
• age category up to 2 years;
• renal failure in the acute phase.

Relative prohibitions (use with caution):

• erosions and ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract;
• liver failure;
• age from 2 to 8 years.

If there are relative contraindications, an individual (lower) dosage is prescribed. If the drug has a negative effect, it is replaced with a similar one.

Side effects

The drug causes a relatively minor number of side effects. Most often they occur in the presence of contraindications or in the early stages of a therapeutic intervention. What may be accompanied by taking Phenibut:

• nausea;
• increased drowsiness;
• headache;
• increased blood pressure;
• excessive excitability;
• dizziness;
• increased anxiety, restlessness;
• irritability.

If an allergic reaction occurs, the patient experiences swelling, hyperemia of the skin (redness), rashes, itching, burning and other allergic manifestations.

Phenibut overdose - consequences

When using high doses of nootropic, symptoms appear:

• drowsiness and lethargy or, conversely, increased irritability and hyperactivity;
• motor restlessness;
• speech overexcitation;
• insomnia;
• headache;
• nausea, vomiting;
• dizziness;
• blood pressure surges;
• tachycardia;
• allergy;
• Quincke's edema.

Among the most dangerous consequences of an overdose: kidney and liver failure, internal bleeding, liver failure.

Overdose

Exceeding the dose prescribed by the doctor also leads to the development of adverse reactions, which are especially severe. In addition, the following conditions may occur:

• a sharp drop in blood pressure;
• fainting;
• nausea and vomiting;
• renal failure;
• eosinophilia;
• hepatic fatty degeneration;
• kidney dysfunction.

In case of overdose, first aid must be provided. To do this, gastric lavage is performed:

• prepare table water in the amount of a liter;
• give the patient a drink in one gulp;
• cause a gag reflex;
• wait a few minutes, then repeat the procedure 2-3 more times.

Flushing is carried out immediately after dosing or the appearance of the first unpleasant symptoms. Next, you need to take absorbents - activated carbon. Toxins and the active substance are absorbed into the drug, then everything is excreted through feces.

Phenibut does not have an antidote. The drug has a low-level toxic compound, so the hepatotoxic effect occurs mainly after long-term use of excessive dosages. This leads to an increase in the concentration of eosinophils in the blood fluid of peripheral vessels. In addition, large amounts of triglycerides accumulate in the liver. It is these factors that contribute to the development of the above diseases.

What happens if you combine Phenibut with drugs?

Drug addicts using a nootropic along with surfactants should be prepared for negative consequences:

• intense headaches;
• sleep disturbance;
• unreasonable fear;
• insurmountable anxiety;
• frequent fainting;
• the appearance of suicidal thoughts;
• severe allergies;
• exacerbation of symptoms of existing chronic diseases;

• impulsive reactions;
• agitation;
• psychosis;
• a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
• Parkinson's disease;
• decreased muscle tone;
• tremor;
• ticks;
• decreased intellectual abilities;
• reducing the reaction rate;
• severe and very long-term abstinence;
• impotence;
• decreased sexual desire;
• disruptions of the menstrual cycle in women;
• gynecomastia (breast growth in men);
• osteoporosis;
• heart disease;
• abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, drying of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity.

All this is the price for a fleeting thrill.

Interaction

To apply the method of mutual potentiation, Phenibut is combined with other psychotropic drugs. To do this, the dosage of all drugs that are taken at the same time is reduced. Phenibut interacts well with antiparkinsonian medications, antiepileptic groups, anticonvulsants and antipsychotic drugs. Can be used along with sleeping pills and narcotic analgesics. This approach makes it possible to enhance the degree of impact of different groups of drugs, increasing the duration of action.

Compatibility of Phenibut and Phenazepam

Both drugs easily interact with each other, as they are psychotropic. Unlike Phenibut, Phenazepam is based on bromodihydrochlorophenylbenzodiazepine. In simple terms, the drug belongs to another group of psychotropics - benzodiazeline, and therefore affects the muscular and central nervous system. When they are compatible, the effectiveness of both drugs increases. It is allowed to take together and sequentially. The introduction of one of the drugs into the course of treatment is carried out gradually.

Compatibility of Phenibut and Mexidol

These are completely different drugs. Phenibut helps stimulate cognitive abilities, improve memory and brain functionality. Additionally, it has a sedative effect. Mexidol is an antioxidant that reduces the concentration of free radicals that destroy brain cells. It is used for alcohol poisoning, stress, convulsions, and nervous excitement. Therefore, both remedies are aimed at calming the nervous system. By affecting the brain differently, they enhance each other's effects. This can lead to increased lethargy and drowsiness, so during treatment it is not recommended to drive or operate a machine (due to slower reactions).

Compatibility of Phenibut and Atarax

Atarax and Phenibut belong to the anti-anxiety group, but affect the nervous system differently. The first drug eliminates alcohol syndrome, nervous overexcitation, and irritability. The second remedy fights insomnia, improves mental activity, and has a psychostimulating effect. Combining these medications gives powerful positive dynamics, so they can be prescribed simultaneously.

Compatibility of Phenibut and Fluoxetine

Fluoxetine is intended to suppress depression. The mechanism is based on an increase in the amount of serotonin in parts of the brain. This substance is responsible for a person’s mood and mental state. Phenibut is not an antidepressant, but has a calming effect on the brain, stabilizing the emotional background. Fluoxetine often causes side effects such as dizziness, insomnia, and irritability. To prevent their manifestation, Phenibut is prescribed. In addition, the nootropic enhances the effect of the antidepressant. The peculiarity is that when used together, the dosage is not reduced.

Compatibility of Phenibut and Glycine

Glycine contains an active ingredient - the amino acid glycine, which has the most gentle effect on the body. Due to this, it is often prescribed in childhood. Glycine is produced by the human body, is responsible for activating processes in the nervous system, and is a neurotransmitter. Aminophenylbutyric acid from Phenibut interacts well with glycine - the effect of the 2 drugs is enhanced. There are no adverse reactions.

Phenibut analogs

There are absolute and similar analogues of drugs. In the first case, these are drugs with the same active ingredient, in the second - drugs with the same pharmacological effect. Phenibut has many different analogues, which will be discussed further.

Which is better Phenibut or Anvifen?

Anvifen is an absolutely similar nootropic drug in relation to Phenibut, but is produced not in tablet form, but in the form of capsules (25, 50, 125, 250 mg). It is pointless to talk about which drug is better and which is worse, since they have the same effect. However, it is worth considering the pros and cons of each medication.

Phenibut:

1. Pros:
   ● low cost; ● possible to use from 2 years of age; ● fewer contraindications than Anfiven.
2. Cons:
   ● uncomfortable to swallow; ● produced in a single dosage: ● has a negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract.

Anvifen:

1. Advantages:
   ● reduced negative impact on the gastrointestinal tract; ● ease of swallowing capsules; ● wide choice of dosage.
2. Disadvantages:
   ● more contraindications; ● high cost; ● can only be used from 3 years of age.

One more negative factor can be noted for both drugs - the impossibility of dividing the tablets/capsules according to the exact dose. Tablets cannot always be broken/cut perfectly straight, and capsules cannot be separated.

Which is better - Phenibut or Noofen?

Noofen is also an absolute analogue, as it contains aminophenylbutyric acid. In order to determine which is better, you need to study their differences:

1. Unlike Phenibut, Noofen is produced in the form of tablets, capsules, and powder. And mainly in Latvia. Phenibut is produced in 3 countries - Latvia, Russia, Belarus.
2. The supporting cast varies. Noofen contains lactose, potato starch.
3. Noofen is used from birth.
4. Phenibut has more side effects.
5. Noofen is considered more expensive in contrast to Phenibut. Its price is at least 900 rubles for 20 units. Our drug can be bought for 50-500 rubles for the same quantity (the price depends on the country of origin).

Which is better - Phenibut or Afobazole?

Afobazole refers to a nootropic drug that is based on the active ingredient febomotizole. Additionally prescribed for diseases of the cardiovascular system - heart attacks, coronary heart diseases. And also for cancer, asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus. The pharmacological action is the same, but Afobazole does not accelerate cerebral circulation, but has a slightly milder effect. Other features:

1. Phenibut. The cost is slightly lower, the anti-anxiety effect is higher. There are more adverse reactions.
2. Afobazol. The price is 2 times higher, but it is more easily tolerated by patients. Among the contraindications, it is worth noting lactase intolerance.

Thus, if a person has poor blood circulation, there is no deficiency of lactase enzymes, and also needs to achieve high anti-anxiety effectiveness, then it is better to purchase Phenibut.

Which is better - Phenibut or Grandaxin?

Grandaxin belongs to the group of benzodiazepine-based tranquilizers. The drug is used for alcohol and drug withdrawal, moderate depression, anxiety and nervous system disorders. It is distinguished by the absence of a sedative effect, therefore, on the contrary, it invigorates and excites, which means that the anti-anxiety effect is achieved slowly. In addition, the drug has a large list of adverse reactions and contraindications (additionally - atherosclerosis, respiratory failure, epilepsy, impaired blood supply to the brain).

Which is better - Phenibut or Pantogam?

Pantogam and Phenibut have the same mechanism of action, as they belong to the group of nootropic drugs, but the indications for use differ slightly. Pantogam is recommended for decreased performance, schizophrenia, senile dementia, and impaired urination. But there are also general indications: traumatic brain injuries, circulatory disorders in the brain, pathologies of the circulatory system. It also has a calming effect, but very weakly. It is impossible to completely get rid of anxiety, so preference should be given to Phenibut. The cost of Pantogam is much higher. The instructions for use contain a small list of adverse reactions; the drug can be taken from early childhood (in the form of syrup), so Pantogam is recommended for children.

Which is better - Phenibut or Adaptol?

Adaptol is a daytime tranquilizer, as it does not promote sleep. The composition contains the active substance tetramethyltetraazabecyclooctanedione, that is, mebicar, and therefore has cerebroprotective and antioxidant properties. Phenibut and Adaptol are similar in some general indications, but there are still differences:

1. Phenibut is a nootropic, Adaptol is an anxiolytic, so they affect the body differently.
2. The first drug has a wider spectrum of action (anxiety, insomnia, consequences of trauma, impaired concentration and memory, urinary incontinence, stuttering, tickpsychopathy, somovegetative disorders), the second - only ischemic heart pain, neurosis, alcohol and nicotine addiction.
3. Phenibut is produced in 3 countries, so you can buy tablets from a budget option.
4. Adaptol has a smaller list of side effects, but Phenibut has a stronger and faster effect.

Which is better - Phenibut or Teraligen?

If Phenibut belongs to the nootropic group, then Teraligen belongs to the neuroleptic group, therefore it is used for mental diseases, allergies, vomiting, etc. Both drugs have a common effect: they eliminate nervous tension and relieve muscle spasms. Stabilizes sleep, neutralizes anxiety and calms. Differences:

1. Phenibut is a nootropic and at the same time an anxiolytic, while Teraligen is an antihistamine and an antipsychotypic drug, and therefore has a narrower range of applications.
2. Teraligen has a more powerful anti-anxiety effect (which is why it is used for chronic depression), but Phenibut has a milder effect.
3. The first drug has more contraindications and side effects.

Which is better - Phenibut or Tenoten?

Both drugs belong to the group of nootropics and anti-anxiety drugs, but their mechanism of action is different. Tenoten is based on antibodies to the brain-specific protein S-100, therefore it accelerates metabolism and increases energy reserves in brain neurons. Antibodies, when combined with proteins, change their properties, which improves the transmission of nerve impulses. This leads to increased resistance of the nervous system to hypoxia (oxygen starvation does not occur). This is especially important for affected areas.

The peculiarity of the drug is its ability to have both a sedative and stimulating effect, depending on the pathological abnormality. Thus, Tenoten is used for increased excitability and irritability, and Phenibut for fears, nervousness, and anxiety. It is impossible to say unequivocally which medication is better, since their prescription is based on the causes of pathologies, accompanying symptoms and features of the course of the disease.

What is better - Phenibut or Phenotropil?

Phenotropil is a nootropic drug with the active ingredient of the same name. The action is aimed at improving concentration and attention, memory, increasing energy reserves, like Phenibut, so the drugs improve the functionality of the brain. However, Phenotropil does not provide a sedative effect, does not fight insomnia, but, on the contrary, leads to excitability and activation. Consequently, the indications for the products are slightly different:

1. Phenibut: tic, seizures, insomnia, anxiety, etc.
2. Phenotropil: neurosis in which psychomotor activity is impaired, prolonged depression, convulsions, diseases of the circulatory system.

Based on the above, Phenibut and Phenotropil have one thing in common - improving brain activity. When prescribing, the doctor is guided by the cause of the patient’s condition.

Phenibut for children

Phenibut has a low level of toxicity and a mild effect, therefore it is prescribed to children starting at the age of 8 years. However, there are exceptions when the drug is taken from 2 years of age. In this case, it is necessary to purchase not the tablet form, but the powder form, which is prepared by pharmacists directly in the formulation department of any pharmacy. This is convenient because the drug can be given in any low dosage. Based on the instructions for use, from 8 to 14 years old the recommended daily dose is 0.75 grams, divided into 3 doses. In particularly difficult situations, the norm may be increased to 100 mg.

Indications for children:

• nervous tic;
• stuttering;
• urinary incontinence;
• neurosis, anxiety disorders.

To achieve positive dynamics during therapy, it is recommended to additionally take other groups of drugs and use special techniques, since Phenibut enhances the effect of other drugs.

In childhood, long-term use (more than a month) is prohibited, because it is possible to develop psychological dependence on the tablets (powder). It is not advisable to give the drug to newborns and children under 2 years of age. This is due to the fact that the active substance has a multidirectional effect, so the body’s reaction can be negative.

Hallucinations from nootropic development

Phenibut by itself cannot cause hallucinations, so you should not believe people who claim this. However, if it is combined with psychoactive substances and drugs, the consequences can be unpredictable.

The addict begins to hear voices with which he talks. But, it should be noted, this is only possible when taking very high doses, many times higher than therapeutic ones.

Compatibility of Phenibut and alcohol

The drug is prescribed by narcologists to eliminate symptoms in the following cases:

• alcohol addiction;
• preliminary state;
• delirium;
• alcohol withdrawal.

Based on this, many people mistakenly believe that Phenibut is compatible with alcohol-containing drinks (there are no direct indications of a prohibition in the instructions of the certified drug). This is fundamentally not true, because the active substance acts as follows:

• The drug has a sedative effect, so when drinking alcohol, intoxication increases many times and has a pathological form. Against this background, powerful intoxication of the body occurs and instant addiction to the drug occurs, which is fraught with subsequent addiction (many alcohol addicts like the quick effect of intoxication).
• Aminophenylbutyric acid and alcohol are similar in their mechanism of action on metabolism, so competition arises between them. To put it simply, ethanol and the active substance of the drug seem to compete with each other, suppressing and changing each other’s effects. As a result, the desired effect is not achieved, but side reactions occur, which is fraught with life-threatening complications.

Prescription of the drug during pregnancy

The nootropic Phenibut is prohibited for use during pregnancy and lactation. This is especially true in the first trimester, when the fetus is just beginning to form. During this period, the main systems and organs are formed. Due to the fact that no studies have yet been conducted on the effect of GABA derivatives on the embryo, the medication is not prescribed until 3 months of pregnancy.

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, Phenibut can be prescribed, but only in a situation where the likely benefit outweighs the potential harm to the unborn baby. In this case, the dosage and duration of the course are determined primarily by the attending doctor. In this case, medical supervision is required.

During breastfeeding, the drug is prescribed with great caution, since there is no official data on the penetration of the active substance into breast milk. If the intake is recommended by another specialist, then you will have to give up lactation and transfer the baby to artificial feeding.

Comparison of manufacturers

Russia and Latvia

Choose Russian or Latvian Phenibut? User reviews clearly indicate the advantage of products from Latvia. Let's look at the difference between medicines in Russia and Latvia. The main difference is the quality of the final product:

• Latvia, a member of the European Union, takes into account all requirements when producing medicines, exercising strict control and purchasing the best raw materials.
• Olainfarm products meet the State Standards not only of Latvia, but also of America, Russia, Great Britain and other advanced countries.
• When comparing domestic and imported products, and determining which is better, we take into account that not all Russian factories meet the specified requirements - sanitary conditions during production are violated.
• The purchase of raw materials to Russia is made in Asia, China and India, where there is no need to confirm quality.

Belarus and Latvia

According to user reviews, compared to Latvia, the Belarusian manufacturer of Phenibut is noticeably inferior, inferior to Russian products. So, when determining which pharmaceutical plant is better, in Belarus or in Latvia, preference is given to the latter. In this case, the reasons are the same as in the previous comparison - low quality of raw materials and non-compliance with standards by the Belarusian pharmacist.

USA, Russia, Belarus and Latvia

Is Latvia inferior to the USA in terms of Phenibut quality? Who will win when comparing drugs, America or Russia? Are the properties of the American product inferior to those produced by Belarus? Judging by the reviews, in this case the American drug is better.

Benefits of Phenibut USA:

• Sold without a prescription, as it relates to sports nutrition;
• quality raw materials;
• costs less if calculated by the number of capsules and active substance;
• In the US, the drug is considered a dietary supplement. It is not sold in pharmacies, is not prescribed by doctors, and is sold as a dietary supplement.

Manufacturer

Phenibut is produced in 3 countries by the following pharmaceutical companies:

• Russia: Ozon LLC, Organika OJSC, Moscow Endocrine Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Usolye-Sibirsky Chemical Physics Complex.
• Latvia: JSC "Olainfarm" (Olainfarm).
• Belarus: Belmedpreparaty.

The prescription of the drug Phenibut is carried out by the treating specialist after a comprehensive examination of the patient. Only the doctor determines the dosage and duration of the course based on the results of diagnostic measures. During the therapeutic course, the patient's condition is monitored. Self-medication is strictly prohibited, as life-threatening consequences may occur.

Reviews

Among drugs designed to relieve the effects of stress and depression, Phenibut, developed back in the 20th century by Soviet scientists, occupies a special place. A prescription is required to purchase.

This article talks about reviews of the drug Phenibut. This remedy turned out to be so effective that the astronauts’ first aid kit was equipped with it.

What is the difference between Phenibut and regular tranquilizers? Is it prohibited? The first, while helping with stress, did not deprive a person of his ability to work, although it had a relaxing effect on the body. We will look at this drug in more detail below, and also try to determine which one is better to purchase.