For what reasons does blurred vision occur?

What is accommodation?

An important link in the functioning of the visual mechanism is accommodation. This is the name given to the ability of the lens to tense or relax when seeing at different distances. Accommodation is the normal physiological state of the eye, when all muscles are relaxed when looking into the distance. When viewing nearby objects, the ciliary muscle tenses, and the lens increases its curvature, becoming more convex. Its optical power increases, and the near image becomes clear. Defocus of vision occurs precisely because the lens loses its ability to focus. Let's consider what factors can provoke the appearance of this visual pathology.

Arterial pressure

Darkening and dots before the eyes occur during a sharp surge in pressure. This happens in healthy people if:

• Make sudden movements;
• Stay upside down for a long time;
• Quickly change body position.

The blurry vision is explained by a sharp increase in pressure, arterial and ocular. You should measure your blood pressure and lie quietly for a couple of minutes. During this time, the pressure will normalize and vision will be restored.

If rest does not help, the cause of blurred vision may be cardiovascular pathologies:

• Arterial hypertension;
• Hypotension;
• Vasospasm;
• Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system;
• Anemia.

Glucose level

Diabetes mellitus is one of the causes of decreased vision. The risk of developing eye diseases occurs during periods of high blood sugar. The patient's vision becomes cloudy due to swelling of the lens.

To restore visual function, it is necessary to normalize glucose levels.

People with diabetes should visit an eye doctor regularly. Sometimes such patients have blurred vision due to concomitant diseases:

• Retinopathy (progressive damage to the retina);
• Intraocular pressure;
• Cataract.

These pathologies are dangerous due to decreased or loss of vision.

To prevent the development of complications, people with diabetes are required to monitor the following indicators:

• Blood sugar;
• Cholesterol;
• Arterial pressure.

Low glucose levels

The problem occurs in people who engage in sports and heavy physical labor. A decrease in blood sugar after exercise is accompanied by dizziness and the appearance of black spots before the eyes.

Visual function is completely restored, additional symptoms disappear after rest and a carbohydrate snack.

Causes of blurred vision

This disorder can occur in a person for a number of reasons:

• Age-related changes in eye structures.
• Eye strain associated with prolonged exposure to a monitor or gadget.
• Improper organization of the workplace: poor lighting, low table.
• Hereditary myopia.
• Lack of sleep, lack of fresh air, insufficient physical activity.

All of these factors can provoke a spasm of accommodation, and its symptoms are such that a person may not be aware of this visual anomaly for a long time until the disturbances become too obvious.

Often, blurred vision is mistaken for fatigue from lack of sleep or intense visual work.

This can last for quite a long period and, if appropriate measures are not taken, will lead to a serious deterioration in eye health. Let's consider the possible causes of blurred vision known in medical practice.

Useful video

Clouding of the image in one eye may go away on its own and does not require specific therapy. The presence of a long-term decrease in the quality of vision is the basis for contacting a doctor.

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Presbyopia

After 40-45 years, noticeable age-related changes begin not only in the entire body, but also in the visual apparatus. In most people at this age, the lens gradually loses its elasticity - this phenomenon is called presbyopia, or age-related farsightedness.

Near vision begins to get worse. Here is how the symptoms of this pathology manifest themselves:

• difficulty reading small letters close up, for example, on food packaging;
• eye fatigue;
• frequent headaches.

By the age of 60-70 years, the lens loses its ability to accommodate in most people.

Defocusing vision in elderly patients, unfortunately, cannot be treated.

To correct presbyopia, progressive glasses or multifocal contact lenses are used. In the case of a severe degree of this visual impairment, a lensectomy is performed - replacing the natural lens with an artificial intraocular lens. Good quality of vision after such an operation lasts for life. In addition, replacing the lens is a good prevention of cataracts, another common disease in old age, because the artificial implant cannot become cloudy.

Glasses will help you see near and far equally well.

One of the popular methods of vision correction for myopia and the most common in children is glasses. The principle of their operation is based on reducing the refractive power of the eye to such values ​​that the focusing of light rays falls exactly on the retina. Myopia glasses have negative power lenses that help shift the focus to the retina, allowing the eyes to see far and near with equally good clarity. Often, a patient is diagnosed with astigmatism along with myopia. In this case, ordinary monofocal glasses will not be able to restore the necessary clarity of vision; special astigmatic models with “cylinder” lenses will be required. For myopia, the doctor may prescribe glasses for constant or periodic wearing, depending on the goals of correction, the degree of myopia, the patient’s age and other factors.

The main advantage of spectacle correction for myopia is its versatility, ease of use, and accessibility for people of any age and occupation. However, not everyone likes how glasses change their appearance, and teenagers may even be ashamed of their “bespectacled” image and refuse the necessary correction. In this case, you should consult your doctor about the possibility of switching to contact lenses.

Accommodative visual asthenopia

Asthenopia is the name given to rapid eye fatigue that occurs during intense visual work. In medical practice, it is classified not as an independent pathology, but as a disorder that precedes pathological deterioration of vision and in other cases leads to eye diseases.

Symptoms of asthenopia are expressed as follows:

• pain in the eyes, increased lacrimation, fatigue during visual work;
• headache;
• ghosting;
• sensation of film in the field of view.

The causes of accommodative asthenopia can be prolonged exposure to a computer monitor - currently this is the most common factor causing it. Eye strain often occurs when driving a car, reading for a long time or working with small parts, or watching TV for many hours. The development of this visual anomaly can also be caused by incorrect selection of contact optics for myopia or astigmatism. Blepharitis and conjunctivitis often develop from constant eye strain.

Prevention of accommodative asthenopia requires adherence to the regime, and a properly equipped and lit workplace is also important.

Every hour you should take breaks from work for 10-15 minutes.

By the way

In order for working with text to cause minimal “harm,” the distance from the eyes to the paper should be approximately 30 cm with a straight back. It is better when the book or notebook is located at a right angle relative to the view, that is, the surface of the table should have a slight slope, like a desk.

In the medical department, everyone can undergo examination using the most modern diagnostic equipment, and based on the results, receive advice from a highly qualified specialist. The clinic provides consultations to children from 4 years old. We are open seven days a week and work daily from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. Our specialists will help identify the cause of vision loss and provide competent treatment for identified pathologies.

You can find out the cost of a particular procedure or make an appointment at the Moscow Eye Clinic by calling 8 (800) 777-38-81 (daily from 9:00 to 21:00, free for mobile phones and regions of the Russian Federation) or using the form online entries.

Yakovleva Yulia Valerievna

Paralysis of accommodation

This pathology is less common. It can be triggered by several factors:

• Incorrect use of cycloplegic drops, in particular Atropine. In some cases, the pupil may dilate permanently.
• Eye injuries that affect the ciliary muscle.
• Infectious diseases, for example, botulism, influenza, diphtheria.
• Tumors or cysts in the brain, meningitis.
• Carelessly performed surgery that damages the eye muscles.

When paralysis of accommodation occurs, it is important to identify the exact cause as a result of which it occurred, and then begin treatment.

Constant blurry vision

Almost always, a constant veil before the eyes and a blurry vision is explained by ophthalmological pathologies. These include primarily glaucoma and cataracts. Also, the cause of blurred vision can be degenerative processes in the tissues of the eye, pathologies of the choroid, retinal detachment, internal ocular hemorrhages, diseases affecting the vitreous body.

1. Glaucoma refers to a number of pathologies that cause a constantly elevated level of intraocular pressure, resulting in the development of various defects that limit the field of vision. The progression of the disease leads to the fact that the eye sees everything cloudy and blurry. This disease requires timely treatment as it leads to blindness. Diuretics are used to reduce blood pressure. Local remedies in the form of drops are also used.
2. Cataracts affect the lens of the eye - the crystalline lens. The disease develops if its capsule or its filling substance becomes cloudy. Cataracts are characterized by visual defects such as a veil before the eyes, floaters and black dots, colored spots, and blurry images. Cataracts can be bilateral or affect only one eye. To treat this disease, eye drops are used to nourish the eye and support its function. Both glaucoma and cataracts are completely curable with surgery.
3. The image may blur due to degenerative processes in the retina, thinning and weakening it. These processes can also provoke retinal detachment. Dystrophy can be the result of a refractive disorder or a nutritional deficiency of the eye. Violations of emmetropia, that is, normal vision, can be of several types. These include myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. These disorders lead to the fact that the eye, trying to adapt, is deformed, the cornea is curved, and as a result the retina stretches and thins. If the body lacks nutrients and vitamins, the eye also does not receive adequate nutrition. In this case, degenerative processes also occur in tissues, leading to visual impairment. Retinal detachment can also occur as a result of injury. Under the influence of a traumatic factor, cracks and tears appear in the retina, lifting it and leading to its detachment.

Common symptoms for all types of blurred vision

The reasons for blurred vision may be different, but it is characterized by general signs that can suggest the presence of this visual anomaly:

• blurriness of the image when looking from near to distant objects;
• frequent headaches;
• redness of the eyes, increased dryness in the evening;
• rapid fatigue during visual work;
• feeling of chronic fatigue.

If such conditions recur systematically, then it is necessary to visit an ophthalmologist who will diagnose the eyes. He will check visual acuity using tables, and also examine visual structures using computer methods and precision instruments. The doctor’s task in this case is to determine the reason why blurred vision occurs.

Additionally, an examination by other specialists may be prescribed if there is an assumption of other reasons that caused the deterioration of vision.

Do you sleep with contact lenses on?

Contact lenses can correct your vision, but if you don't use them properly, they can also cause eye infections.

Contact lenses move across your eye every time you blink, creating micro-scratches. If handled incorrectly, infection-causing microorganisms can get under the lens and penetrate microcracks in the eyes.

The situation is made many times worse when you sleep with contact lenses on. This is an ideal cup for growing microorganisms and causing corneal ulcers, which can cloud and impair vision. Always remove your lenses at night and throw away disposable lenses at the end of the day.

Treatment

The choice of treatment depends on the cause of blurred vision. In the case of presbyopia, this is the selection of correction means or surgery to replace the lens. For accommodative asthenopia, methods are prescribed to help the lens return to normal function. The doctor may prescribe drops that dilate the pupil and recommend special exercises for training the eye muscles. It will also be useful to take a course of vitamins containing elements important for the organs of vision. In case of paralysis of accommodation, the cause that caused it should be eliminated as far as possible.

For any manifestations of vision deterioration, you should definitely visit an ophthalmologist.

It is unacceptable to solve a problem by reading advice on the Internet - this way you can cause even greater harm to eye health.

How can you eliminate flicker in front of your eyes?

After determining the cause of the appearance of glare before the eyes, the patient can be prescribed a variety of medications:

• Eye drops;
• Medicines with antibacterial and antiviral effects;
• Medicines intended to normalize blood pressure;
• Drugs that normalize glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus;
• Vitamin and mineral preparations.

In some situations, when flickering appears before the eyes, medications such as Emoxipin and Wobenzym are prescribed. “Emoxipin” helps increase the strength of blood vessels, “Wobenzym” reduces inflammation and relieves pain. These drugs are actively used in the presence of various diseases of the organs of vision.

In the absence of relevant contraindications, massage the eyeballs. This procedure improves blood circulation and helps relieve tension.

If indicated, appropriate homeopathic medicines are additionally used:

• "Ignacia";
• "Crocus";
• "Theridion."

Infections

Visual dysfunction can appear due to infectious, fungal and bacterial diseases and viruses:

• Chlamydia;
• Herpes virus;
• HPV;
• Adenoviral infection;
• Cytomegalovirus;
• Mononucleosis;
• Measles;
• Other.

Infectious eye diseases that can cause blurry vision:

1. Inflammation of the choroid of the eye (uveitis). The main symptoms: blurred vision, reddening of the whites, painful reaction to light, lacrimation.
2. Inflammation of the cornea (keratitis). Vision deteriorates, tear production increases, and eyelids may close. Due to purulent discharge, the patient's vision is blurry. Keratitis can cause cloudy eyes because the cornea loses its transparency and shine.
3. Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye (conjunctivitis). Accompanied by redness of the eyes, pain, swelling and sticking of the eyelids due to purulent discharge. The discharge prevents a person from seeing, there is a veil in the eyes and a feeling of a foreign body.
4. Inflammation of the lacrimal sac (dacryocystitis). It is characterized by swelling of the eyelid, pain when pressed and separation of mucus and pus, which causes blurriness and cloudiness in the eyes.
5. Inflammation of the eyelids (blepharitis). Specific symptoms: eye fatigue, sensitivity to light, swelling, redness and itching of the eyelids. Vision blurred due to tear film.
6. Inflammation of the optic nerve (neuritis). More than 90% of patients report blurred vision and pain when rotating their eyes. A distinctive symptom of neuritis is impaired color perception. There are floaters, circles of light and lightning before the eyes.
7. Belmo. This is a persistent clouding of the cornea caused by injury or inflammation. Threatens the patient with blindness.

Attention! Blurred vision, swelling of the eyelids and purulent discharge from the eyes can be caused by parasite infection. After determining the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes anthelmintic therapy; in rare cases, surgical intervention is required.